Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg Essay Example

Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg Essay Fourier series Convergence and divergence of infinite series of positive terms, definition and illustrative examples* Periodic functions, Dirichlet’s conditions, Fourier series of periodic functions of period and arbitrary period, half range Fourier series. Complex form of Fourier Series. Practical harmonic analysis. Hours UNIT-2 Fourier Transforms Infinite Fourier transform, Fourier Sine and Cosine transforms, properties, Inverse transforms 6 Hours UNIT-3 Application of PDE Various possible solutions of one dimensional wave and heat equations, two dimensional Laplace’s equation by the method of separation of variables, Solution of all these equations with specified boundary conditions. D’Alembert’s solution of one dimensional wave equation. 6 Hours UNIT-4 Curve Fitting and Optimisation Curve fitting by the method : : : 25 03 100 y = ax + b, y = a x 2 + b x + c, = ae bx of least , y = ax b squares- Fitting of curves of the form Optimization: Linear program ming, mathematical formulation of linear programming problem (LPP), Graphical method and simplex method. 7 Hours PART-B UNIT-5 Numerical Methods 1 Numerical Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: Regula-falsi method, Newton Raphson method. Iterative methods of solution of a system of equations: Gauss-seidel and Relaxation methods. Largest eigen value and the corresponding eigen vector by Rayleigh’s power method. 6 Hours UNIT-6 Numerical Methods – 2 Finite differences: Forward and backward differences, Newton’s forward and backward interpolation formulae. Divided differences Newton’s divided difference formula, Lagrange’s interpolation formula and inverse interpolation formula. Numerical integration: Simpson’s one-third, three-eighth and Weddle’s rules (All formulae/rules without proof) 7 Hours UNIT-7 Numerical Methods – 3 Numerical solutions of PDE – finite difference approximation to derivatives, Numerical solution of two dimensional Laplace’s equation, one dimensional heat and wave equations 7 Hours UNIT-8 Difference Equations and Z-Transorms Difference equations: Basic definition; Z-transforms – definition, standard Z-transforms, damping rule, shifting rule, initial value and final value theorems. Inverse Z-transform. Application of Z-transforms to solve difference equations. 6 Hours Note: * In the case of illustrative example s, questions are not to be set. Text Books: 1. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Khanna Publishers. 2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Wiley Publications. Reference Books: 1. B. V. We will write a custom essay sample on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Tata Mc. Graw Hill Publications. 2. Peter V. O’Neil, Engineering Mathematics, CENGAGE Learning India Pvt Ltd. Publishers. MOMENTUM TRANSFER Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH32 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: Fluid Statics and its Applications: Concept of unit operations, Concept of Momentum Transfer, Nature of fluids and pressure concept, Variation of pressure with height – hydrostatic equilibrium, Barometric equation, Measurement of fluid pressure – manometers. Continuous gravity decanter, Centrifugal decanter. Hours UNIT 2: Fluid flow phenomena: Types of fluids – shear stress and velocity gradient relation, Newtonian and non – Newtonian fluids, Viscosity of gases and liquids. Types of flow – laminar and turbulent flow, Reynolds stress, Eddy viscosity. Flow in boundary layers, Reynolds number, Boundary layer separation and wake formation. 6 Hours UNIT 3: Basic equations of fluid flow: Average velocity, Mass velocity, Continuity equation, Euler and Bernoulli equations, Modified equations for real fluids with correction factors. Pump work in Bernoulli equation. Angular momentum equation. 6 Hours UNIT 4: Flow of incompressible fluids in conduits and thin layer: Laminar flow through circular and non-circular conduits. Hagen Poiseuille equation, Laminar flow of non-newtonian liquids, Turbulent flow in pipes and closed channels, Friction factor chart. Friction from change in velocity or direction. Form friction losses in Bernoulli equation. Flow of fluids in thin layers. 6 Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Flow of compressible fluids: Continuity equation, Concept of Mach number, Total energy balance, Velocity of sound, Ideal gas equations. Flow through variable-area conduits. Adiabatic frictional flow. Isothermal frictional flow (elementary treatment only). 6 Hours 2 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 UNIT 6: Flow of fluid past immersed bodies: Drag, Drag coefficient, Pressure drop – Kozeny-Carman equation, Blake-Plummer, Ergun equation, Fluidizaion, Conditions for fluidization, Minimum fluidization velocity, Types of fluidization, 4 Hours Metering of fluids: Pipes, Fitting and valves, Measurement of liquid and gas flow rates by orifice meter, venturi meter, rotameter and pitot tube. Hours UNIT 7: Flow through open channels – weirs and notches. 2 Hours Transportation of fluids: Elementary concept of target meter, vortex shedding meters, turbine meters, positive displacement meters, magnetic meters, coriolis meters and thermal meters. Performance and characteristics of pumps – positive displacement and centrifugal pumps. Fans, compressor and blowers. 6 Hours UNIT 8: Dimensional analysis: Dimensional homogeneity, Rayleigh’s and Buckingham’s II – methods. Significance of different dimensionless numbers. Elementary treatment of similitude between model and prototype. 4 Hours Introduction to unsteady state flow: Time to empty the liquid from a tank. 2 Hours Text Books: 1. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McCabe. W. L. , et. al. 6th edn. , McGraw Hill, New York, 2001. 2. Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Kumar K. I. ,3rd Edition, Eurasia Publishing House (p) Ltd. , New Delhi,1984. Reference Books: 1. Chemical Engineering, Vol. 1. , Coulson J. II and Richardson. J. F.. , 5th edn. , Asian Books (p) Ltd. , New Delhi, 1998. 2. Introduction to Chemical Engineering, Badger. W. I. , and Banchero J. T. , Tata McGraw Hill, New York, 1997. CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH33 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: Units and dimensions: Fundamental and derived units, Conversion. Dimensional consistency of equations. Dimensionless groups and constants. Conversion of equations. 6 Hours UNIT 2: Basic chemical calculations: Concept of mole, mole fraction. Compositions of mixtures of solids, liquids and gases. Concept of normality, molarity, molality, ppm. Use of semi-log, loglog, triangular graphs. Ideal gas law calculations, 6 Hours UNIT 3: Vapour pressure concepts, humidity, humidity chart, humidification and dehumidification, calculation of humidity. 7 Hours 3 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 UNIT 4: Material balance without reaction: General material balance equation for steady and unsteady state. Typical steady state material balances in distillation, absorption, extraction, crystallization, drying. 7 Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Steady state material balance for mixing and evaporation. Elementary treatment of material balances involving bypass. Recycle and purging. 6 Hours UNIT 6: Steady state material balance with reaction: Principles of stoichiometry, Concept of limiting and excess reactants and inerts, fractional and percentage conversion, fractional yield and percentage yield, selectivity, related problems. 7 Hours UNIT 7: Ultimate and proximate analyses of fuels, Calculations involving combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, excess air. 6 Hours UNIT 8: Energy balance: General steady state energy balance equation, Thermo physics. Thermo chemistry and laws. Heat capacity. Enthalpy, Heat of formation, Heat of reaction, Heat of combustion and Calorific values. Heat of solution. Heat of mixing, Heat of crystallization. Determination of ? Hr at standard and elevated temperatures, flame temperature. 7 Hours Text Books: Stoichiometry (SI Units), Bhatt B. L. and Vora S. M, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Ltd. , New Delhi, 1996. 2. Chemical Process Principles Part – I Material and Energy Balances, Hougen O. A. , Waston K. M. and Ragatz R. A. 2nd Edition, CBS publishers and distributors, New Delhi, 1995. 3. Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering, Himmelblau D. M. , 6th Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1997. 1. TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH34 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 4 Colligative properties: Concept of mole and mole fraction. Colligative properties Meani ng and types, Lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law statement, limitations. Determination of molecular weight by lowering of vapour pressure, problems. Ostwald’s and Walker’s method, Elevation in boiling point of a solvent – derivation, Experimental determination of molecular weight by ebulliscopic method, problems. Isotonic solutions – abnormal molecular weight. Osmosis and Osmotic pressure Explanation of the terms, effect of concentration and temperature and simultaneous effect of concentration and temperature on osmotic pressure. Determination of molecular weight Berkeley and Hartley’s method and problems. Hours UNIT 2: Principles of valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory: Introduction to chemical bonding Formation of ionic bond, covalent bond and co-ordinate bond with examples; Energies of covalent bond formation, Valence bond theory – postulates and explanation, Types of covalent bonds: -? and -? bonds; Molecular orbital theory – postulates, Linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO), condi tions for effective combination of atomic orbitals. Molecular orbital configuration of simple molecules (H2 and He2); Similarities and distinctions between valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory; Polar and non polar covalent bonds. Hours UNIT 3: Surface chemistry: Introduction, Types of adsorption – Physisorption and chemisorption, adsorption isotherm, isobar, isotere, Langmuir adsorption isotherm, BET isotherm, BET equation for surface area, Langmuir-Hinshelwood, and Langmuir-Rideal mechanisms, kinetic effects of surface heterogeneity, surface inhibition and activation energies, unimolecular and bimolecular surface reactions, reactions between two adsorbed molecules, Transition state theory of surface reactions, Mechanism of chemisorption and rates of chemisorption and desorption. Hours UNIT 4: Catalysis: Basic principles, classification of catalytic systems; Homogeneous catalysis: Homogeneous catalysis involving gases, Homogeneous catalysis in the liquid phase wit h examples including Wilkinson’s catalyst; Heterogeneous catalysis- Explanation with examples including Ziegler-Natta catalyst; Mechanism of acid-base catalysis, Catalytic reactionsHydrogenation, transfer hydrogenation, hydroformylation, isomerization, Wacker’s processacetic acid from ethylene; Negative catalysis and its mechanism. Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Dyes: Colour and constitution chromophore, and auxochrome theory , modern theory of colour, classification of dyes by structure and by methods of application. Synthesis of dyes Methyl orange, Congo red, Malachite green, Indigo and Alizarin. Hours UNIT 6: Reaction mechanism: Concept of reactive intermediates- carbanions, carbocations, inductive and resonance effects; Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution (SN1 and SN2) in alkyl halides; Mechanistic concept of elimination reactions (E1 and E2); Mechanism of electrophilic substitution in benzene Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel-Crafts alkyl and acy lation reactions; Electronic interpretation of orienting influences of substituents in romatic electrophilic substitution of toluene, chlorobenzene, phenol and nitrobenzene. 7 Hours 5 UNIT 7: Insecticides: Definition, classification – i) Internal or Stomach insecticide ii) External or Contact Insecticides iii) Fumigants Explanation with examples; Organic insecticides – DDT, Chlordane, Nitrophenol, BHC (Gammexane), Aldrin, Schradan, Parathion, Malathion and Baygon synthesis and their applications; Rodenticides, Fungicides, and Herbicides – Definition, examples and their applications. Hours UNIT 8: Oils and fats-Vegetable oils- Examples; Analysis of oils- Saponification value,iodine value and acid value their determination, Extraction of oils- Solvent extraction, Refining of oils, Hydrogenation manufacture of Vanaspati. Soaps and detergents – Manufacture of soap by hot process; Types of soaps Liquid soap, Toilet soaps-opaque and transparent; Mechanism of cleansing action of soap; Synthetic detergents– Ionic detergents-anionic and cationic; Nonionic detergents-Manufacture. 6 Hours Text Books: 1. 2. Organic Chemistry, Morrision B. R. nd Boyd L. L. , 6th Edition, ELBS, New Delhi, 1999. Physical Chemistry, Puri L. R. and Sharma B. R. , 14th Edition, Chand S. and Co. , New Delhi, 1998. Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Modern Synthetic Reactions, House, H. O. , ULBS Publishers, New Delhi. Organic Reactions Mechanism, Sykes Peter, 2nd Edition, ULBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2003. Organic Chemistry, Finar, Vol 1 and 2, ULBS Publishers, New Delhi. Industrial Chemistry, Sharma B. K. , 11th Edition, Chand S. and Co. New Delhi, 2001. Organic Chemistry, Tiwari Melhrotra and Vishnoi, 7th edition, Chand S. nd Co. , New Delhi, 1996. A Text Book of Organic Chemistry, Arun Bahl and Bahl B. S. , 15th Edition, S. Chand and Company, New Delhi, 1998. Surface Chemistry: Theory and applications, J. J. Bikerman, 2nd Edition, Academic press, N ew York, 1972. Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, A. W. Adamson, 3rd Edition, Interscience publishers Inc. , New York, 1960. MECHANICAL OPERATIONS Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH35 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: Particle technology: Particle shape, particle size, different ways f expression of particle size, shape factor, sphericity, standard screen, screens – ideal and actual screens, differential and cumulative size analysis, specific surface of mixture of particles, Number of particles in a mixture, effectiveness of screen, 5 Hours UNIT 2: 6 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 Industrial screening equipment, Motion of screen, Grizzly, Gyratory screen, Vibrating screen, Trommels, Sub sieve analysis – Air permeability method, Sedimentation and elutriation methods. Hours UNIT 3: Size reduction: Introduction – Types of forces used for comminution, Criteria for communition, characteristics of comminuted products, Laws of size reduction, Work Index, Energy utilization, Methods of operating crushers – Free crushing, Choke feeding, Open circuit grinding, Closed circuit grinding, Wet and dry grinding, Equipment for size reduction – Blake jaw crusher, Gyratory crusher, Smooth roll crusher, Toothed roll crusher, Impactor, Attrition mill, Ball mill, Critical speed of ball mill, Ultra fine grinders, Fluid energy mill, Colloid mill, Cutters – Knife cutter. Hours UNIT 4: Motion of particles through fluids: Mechanics of particle motion, equation for one dimensional motion of particles through a fluid in gravitational and centrifugal field, Terminal velocity, Drag coefficient, Motion of spherical particles in Stoke’s regime, Newton’s regime and Intermediate region, Criterion for settling regime, Hindered settling, Modification of equation for hindered settling, Sedimentation: Coe and Clevenger theory, Kynch theory, Batch settling test, Application of batch settling te st, Determination of thickener area. Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Filtration: Introduction, Classification of filtration, Cake filtration, Clarification, Batch and continuous filtration, pressure and vacuum filtration, Constant rate filtration, characteristics of filter media, industrial filters, sand filter, Filter press, leaf filter, Rotary drum filter, Horizontal belt filter, Bag filter, Centrifugal filtration – Suspended batch centrifuge, Filter aids, Application of filter aids. Hours UNIT 6: Agitation and mixing: Application of agitation, Agitation equipment, Types of impellers – Propellers, Paddles and Turbines, Flow patterns in agitated vessels, Prevention of swirling, Standard turbine design, Power correlation and power calculation, Mixing of solids, Types of mixers – Change can mixers, Muller ixers, Mixing index, Ribbon blender, Internal screw mixer, Tumbling mixer. 6 Hours UNIT 7: Sampling, storing and conveying of solids: Sampling of solids, storage of solids, Open and closed storage, Bulk and bin storage, Conveyors – Belt conveyor, Chain conveyor, Apron conveyor, Bucket conveyor, Bucket elevator, Screw conveyor, Slurry transport, Applications of fluidization, Pneumatic conveying. Hours UNIT 8: Miscellaneous separation: Magnetic separation, electrostatic separation, Jigging, Heavy media separation, Froth floatation process, Additives used during floatation, Floatation cells, Typical floatation circuits, Size enlargement (only principle and equipment) – Flocculation, Briquetting, Pelletization, Granulation, Settling chambers, Centrifugal separators, Cyclones and Hydro cyclones, Electrostatic Separator, Venturi scrubber. 7 Hours Text Books: 7 Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McCabe W. L. , et. al. , V Edn. , McGraw Hill International, New york, 2000. 2. Introduction to Chemical Engineering, Badger, W. L. and Banchero J. T, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill International Edition, Singapore, 1999. 3. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical Engineering Vol. 2 Particle Technology and Separation Processes, Coulson J. M. and Richardson J. F. , 4th Edition, Asian Books Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1998. Reference Books: Unit Operations, Brown. G. G. et. al. , 1st Edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 1995. Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, Perry R and Green W. D. , 1st Edition, McGraw Hill International, New York, 2000. 3. Principles of Unit Operations, Foust A. S. et. al. , 3rd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1977. 1. 2. COMPUTER AIDED CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT DRAWING Subject Code No. of Practical Hours/Week Total No. of Hours : 10CH36 : 03 : 39 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 50 1. Sectional views: Representation of the sectional planes, Sectional lines and hatching, selection of section planes and types of sectional views. Hours Proportionate drawing of process equipment: Equipment and piping symbols, Vessel component; Vessel opening, Manholes, Vessel enclosures, Vessel support, Jackets, Shell and 12 Hours tube heat exchanger, Reaction vessel and Evaporator. Assembly drawing: (i) Joints: Cotter joint with sleeve, cotter joint, Socket and Spigot joint, Flanged pipe joint, Union joint, Stuffing box and Expansion joint (Screw type or Flanged type). (ii) V alves: Stop valve, Globe valve, Stop cock and Gate valve, Screw down Stop valve, Rams Bottom safety valve, Non-return valve. iii) Pumps: Centrifugal pump, Gear pump. 21 Hours Note: 1. Assignments to be given to students to practice all the drawings and weightage shall be given to these assignments while awarding IA marks. 2. Examination consists of one question on proportionate drawing (15 marks) and one question on Assembly drawing (35 Marks). Weightage must be given for proportionate sketching drawn on paper. Software: Solid Edge or Equivalent Software Text Books: 1. Machine Drawing, Gopal Krishna, 9th Edition, K. R, Subhas Stores, Bangalore 1995. 2. Machine Drawing, Bhatt, N. D. 29th Edition, Charotar Publishing House, Anand, 1995. 3. Process Equipment Design, Joshi, M. V. , 3rd Edition, Macmillian India publication†, New Delhi, 2000. Reference Books: 1. Chemical Process Equipment, Walas, S. M. , Butterworth Heinemann Pub. 1999. 2. Applied Process Design, Ludwig E. E. , 3rd Edition, Gulf Professional Publising, New Delhi, 1994. 8 MOMENTUM TRANSFER LAB Subject Code No. of Practical Hours/Week Total No. of Hours : 10CHL37 : 03 : 39 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 50 The experiment should be based on the following topics; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 2. 13. 14. Friction in circular pipes Friction in non circular pipes Friction in helical / spiral coils Flow rate measurement using venturi / orifice meters (incompressible fluid) Local velocity measurement using pitot tube Flow over notches Hydraulic coefficients – open orifice Packed bed Fluidized bed Characteristics for centrifugal pump Study of various pipe fittings and their equivalent lengths Compressible fluid flow measurement using venturi / orifice meters Reynolds apparatus Air lift pump Note: Minimum of 10 experiments are to be conducted. TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY LAB – I Subject Code No. f Practical Hours/Week Total No. of Hours : 10CHL38 : 03 : 39 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 50 The experiment should be based on the following topics; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Estimation of HCl and CH3COOH in a given acid mixture conductometrically. Determination of sulphate and nitrate in the given sample of water using Nephelometer and spectrophotometer. Determination of chloride content in the given sample of water using N/40 AgNO3 solution and KCl crystals. Determination of partition coefficient of iodine between water and carbon tetrachloride. Study of kinetics of the reaction between K2S2O8 and KI. Determination of percentage of nitrogen in ammonium fertilizers, using 1 N NaOH solution and standard HCl solution. Determination of percentage composition of binary mixture using Ostwald’s viscometer. Effect of salt on the critical solution temperature of phenol-water system. Determination of molecular weight of a non-volatile solute by elevation in boiling point. (Using McCoy’s apparatus). 9 10. 11. 12. Determination of nickel as nickel dimethylglyoximate gravimetrically (after separating iron) in the given stainless steel solution. Determination of iron as ferric oxide gravimetrically (after separating copper) in the given chalcopyrites ore solution. Determination of zinc in the given brass solution volumetrically (after separating copper). Note: Minimum of 10 experiments are to be conducted. ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – IV Sub Code Hrs/ Week Total Hrs. : : : 10MAT41 04 52 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : : : 25 03 100 PART-A UNIT-1 Numerical Methods- 1 Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations of first order and first degree; Picard’s method, Taylor’s series method, modified Euler’s method, Runge-kutta method of fourth-order. Milne’s and Adams Bashforth predictor and corrector methods (No derivations of formulae). 6 Hours UNIT-2 Numerical Methods – 2 Numerical solution of simultaneous first order ordinary differential equations: Picard’s method, Runge-Kutta method of fourth-order. Numerical solution of second order ordinary differential equations: Picard’s method, Runge-Kutta method and Milne’s method. 6 Hours UNIT-3 Complex variables – 1 Function of a complex variable, Analytic functions-Cauchy-Riemann equations in cartesian and polar forms. Properties of analytic functions. Application to flow problems- complex potential, velocity potential, equipotential lines, stream functions, stream lines. 7 Hours UNIT-4 Complex variables – 2 Conformal Transformations: Bilinear Transformations. Discussion of Transformations: 7 Hours w = z 2 , w = e z , w = z + ( a 2 / z ) . Complex line integrals- Cauchy’s theorem and Cauchy’s integral formula. PART-B UNIT-5 Special Functions Solution of Laplace equation in cylindrical and spherical systems leading Bessel’s and Legendre’s differential equations, Series solution of Bessel’s differential equation leading to Bessel function of first kind. Orthogonal property of Bessel functions. Series solution of Legendre’s differential equation leading to Legendre polynomials, Rodrigue’s formula. 7 Hours 10 UNIT-6 Probability Theory 1 Probability of an event, empherical and axiomatic definition, probability associated with set theory, addition law, conditional probability, multiplication law, Baye’s theorem. 6 Hours UNIT-7 Probability Theory- 2 Random variables (discrete and continuous), probability density function, cumulative density function. Probability distributions – Binomial and Poisson distributions; Exponential and normal distributions. Hours UNITSampling Theory Sampling, Sampling distributions, standard error, test of hypothesis for means, confidence limits for means, student’s t-distribution. Chi -Square distribution as a test of goodness of fit 6 Hours Text Books: 1. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Khanna Publishers 2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Wiley Publications. Reference Book: 1. B. V. Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest edition, Tata Mc. Graw Hill Publications. 2. Peter V. O’Neil, Engineering Mathematics, CENGAGE Learning India Pvt Ltd. Publishers. MATERIAL SCIENCE Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH42 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: Introduction: Introduction to material science, classification of engineering materials, Level of structure, Structure property relationships in materials. 2 Hours Crystal Geometry And Structure Determination Geometry of crystals-the Bravais lattices, Crystal directions and planes-the miller indices, Structure determination-X-Ray diffractionBragg law, The powder method, Scanning electron microscope. Hours UNIT 2: Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding And Structure Of Solids: Structure of atom, Periodic table, Ionization potential, Electron affinity and electro-negativity, Primary and secondary bonds, Variation of bonding character and properties, Covalent solids, Metals and alloys, Ionic solids, Structure of silica and silicates, Polymers. 6 Hours UNIT 3: Crystal Imperfections: Po int imperfections, Line imperfections-edge and screw dislocations, Surface imperfections. Hours UNIT 4: Phase Diagram and Phase Transformations: Phase rule, Single component systems, Binary phase diagrams, Lever rule, Typical phase diagrams for Magnesia-Alumina, Copper-Zinc, Iron – Carbon systems, Nucleation and growth, solidification, Allotropic transformation, Cooling curve for pure iron, Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram, Isothermal transformations (TTT Curves), Eutectic, Eutectoid, Peritectic, Peritectoid reactions. 8 Hours 11 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 PART – B UNIT 5: Deformation of Materials and Fracture: Elastic deformation, Plastic deformation, Creep, Visco-elastic deformation, Different types of fracture. 7 Hours UNIT 6: Heat Treatment: Annealing Normalizing, Hardening, Martempering, Austempering, Hardenability, Quenching, Tempering, Carburising, Cyaniding, Nitriding, Flame hardening. 6 Hours UNIT 7: Corrosion and its Prevention: Direct corrosion, Electro-chemical corrosion, Galvanic cells, High temperature corrosion, Passivity, Factor influencing corrosion rate, Control and prevention of corrosion-modification of corrosive environment, Inhibitors, Cathodic protection, Protective coatings, glass lining, lead lining, FRP lining. Hours UNIT 8: Typical Engineering Materials: Ferrous metals, Non ferrous metals and alloys – Aluminium and its alloys, Copper and its alloys, Lead and its alloys, Tin, Zinc and its alloys, Alloys for high temperature service, Ceramic materials – Structure of ceramics, Polymorphism, Mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of ceramic phase. 8 Hours Text Books: 1. Materials Science and Engineering – A First Course, Raghavan V, 3rd Edn. , Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. , New Delhi, 1996. 2. Material Science and Processes, Hajra Choudhury S. K. , 2nd Edition, Indian Book Distributing Co. 1982. Reference Books: 1. Elements of Material Science, Van Valck H. L. , 2nd Edn. , Addision – Wesly Publishing Company, New York, 1964. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH43 : 04 : 52 PART – A UNIT 1: Basic Concepts: System, surrounding and Processes, Closed and Open systems, State and Properties, Intensive and Extensive Properties, State and Path functions, Equilibrium state and Phase rule, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Heat reservoir and Heat engines, Reversible and Irreversible processes. First Law of Thermodynamics: General statement of First law of thermodynamics, First law of cyclic process and non – flow processes, Heat capacity. Derivation for closed system steady state flow process-flow calorimeter heat capacity. 6 Hours UNIT 2: P-V-T Behaviour: P-V-T behaviour of pure fluids, Equations of state and ideal gas law, Processes involving ideal gas law: Constant volume, constant pressure, constant temperature, adiabatic and polytropic processes. Equations of state for real gases: Vander Waals equation, 12 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 Redlich – Kwong equation, Peng – Robinson equation, Virial equation. Compressibility charts: Principles of corresponding states, Generalized compressibility charts: Principles of corresponding states, Generalized compressibility charts. Thermodynamics diagrams. 6 Hours UNIT 3: Second law of thermodynamics: General statements of the Second law, concept of Entropy, The Carnot Principle, Calculation of entropy changes, Clausius Inequality, Entropy and Irreversibility, Third law of thermodynamics. Hours UNIT 4: Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Fluids: Reference Properties, Energy Properties, Derived Properties, Work function, Gibbs free energy, Relationships among thermodynamic properties: Exact differential equations, Fundamental property relations, Maxwell’s equations, Clapeyron equations, Entropy heat capacity relations, Modified equations for Internal energy and enthalpy, Effect of temperature on internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy, Relationships between CP an d CV, GibbsHelmholtz equation. 8 Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Properties of Solutions: Partial molar properties, Chemical potential, Fugacity in solutions, Henry’s law and dilute solutions, Activity in solutions, Property changes of mixing, excess properties. (Qualitative treatment) Activity activity coefficient. 7 Hours UNIT 6: Phase Equilibria: Criteria of phase equilibria, Criterion of stability, Duhem’s theorem, Vapour – Liquid Equilibria, VLE in ideal solutions, Non-Ideal solutions, VLE at low pressures, VLE at high pressures, Consistency test for VLE data, Calculation of Activity coefficients using Gibbs – Duhem equation, Liquid-Liquid equilibrium diagrams. Hours UNIT 7: VLE Correlations Equations: Van Laar, Margules, and Willson equations. 6 Hours UNIT 8: Chemical Reaction Equilibria: Reaction Stoichiometry, Criteria of chemical reaction equilibrium, Equilibrium constant and standard free energy change, Effect of temperature, pressure on equilibrium constants and other factors affectin g equilibrium conversion, Liquid phase reactions, Heterogeneous reaction equilibria, phase rule for reacting system. 7 Hours Text Books: 1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Smith J. M. and Vanness H. C. , Fifth edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 1996. 2. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Rao, Y. V. C. , New Age International Publication, Nagpur, 2000. 3. Textbook of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Narayanan, K. V. , 8th Edition, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, 2001. PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH44 : 04 : 52 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 13 PART – A UNIT 1: Introduction: Various modes of heat transfer Viz. Conduction, Convection and Radiation. Conduction: Fouriers law, Steady state unidirectional heat flow through single and multiple layer slabs, Cylinders and spheres for constant and variable thermal conductivity. 8 Hours UNIT 2: Insulation: Properties of insulation materials, Types of insulation, Critical and Optimum thickness of insulation. 4 Hours Extended Surfaces: Fins – Types of fins, Derivation of fin efficiency for longitudinal fins, Fin effectiveness. 2 Hours UNIT 3: Elementary treatment of unsteady state heat conduction. 2 Hours Convection: Individual and overall heat transfer coefficient, LMTD, LMTD correction factor. Hours UNIT 4: Dimensionless numbers, Dimensional analysis, Empirical correlation for forced and natural convection. 6 Hours PART – B UNIT 5: Analogy between momentum and heat transfer – Reynolds, Coulburn and Prandtl analogies. Heat Transfer with Phase Change: Boiling phenomena, Nucleate and film boiling, Condensation – Film and Drop wise condensation, Nusselts equatio ns. 5 Hours UNIT 6: Heat Transfer Equipment: Double pipe heat exchangers, Shell and tube heat exchangers – Types of shell and tube heat exchangers, Construction details, Condenser – types of condensers. Hours UNIT 7: Design of Heat Transfer Equipment: Elementary

American Childhood essays

American Childhood essays 1. The setting of the story was a little confusing because of the different perspectives and scenery jumps. It takes place in the 1950s. The place where the story first occurs is a suburban Pittsburgh neighborhood. The background is her environment. The tone relates to the story by it being in 1st person perspective. She is remembering her childhood and telling the reader about how her feelings on different things changed. The mood is family warmth and togetherness and how it relates to the suburban neighborhood. 2. There was only one main character in the story, and it was Annie Dillard, the author. Annie has light colored hair and a slender body. She is very adventurous and loves nature. She spends a lot of time reading books. She inherited her fathers taste for music. She likes jazz and Dixieland. Her family loves comedy and teaches her the science of joke telling, so she practices as the straight man in her fathers jokes. There are many different words to describe her, but if I had to choose one I would have to say she is a daydreamer. 3. The theme has to deal with life in general and all changes in it. Life is a journey from childhood to death; with each step through life you become more awake and aware. When she talks about becoming more awake and aware she is saying that youre able to notice changes in yourself and the world. Also, you realize the more you know the less you really know. The world is a very big place always changing and never ending, thats how I think the author would describe the theme of her book. She was showing how everyone elses perspective on life and the world change, as you get older. 4. She starts out in a Pittsburgh neighborhood remembering her early childhood. The story starts with her talking about her family and how she changed over the years. There is no conflict it is just her remembering her childhoo...

6 Common Career Regrets to Avoid

6 Common Career Regrets to Avoid We all have regrets in life. Regret after eating those tacos at 11:30 last night. Regret over not asking that perfect person on a date back in college. Your career isn’t immune to that same level of â€Å"what if?†, but by identifying some common areas of potential regret, you might be able to change your professional destiny a bit. 1. Playing it too safeDid you avoid asking for a promotion because your manager might say no? Have you waited for colleagues to speak up with their ideas because you weren’t sure how yours would be received? Being bold and taking a risk (or a stand) once in a while can lead you to workplace opportunities you might never have noticed otherwise.2. Staying for the moneyA large salary can be hard thing to walk away from- but if you think about your current career path and the biggest (or only) positive is your paycheck, you might want to reconsider. Without the fulfillment of a job that challenges you and makes you greet projects with ent husiasm, your 20-years-from-now self will likely  be stressed and unhappy.3. Staying for the friendsAs with the money, if your awesome colleagues are the only reason you’re excited to head into the office in the morning, you might want to rethink your job. Sure, the friendly chats, goofy emails, and bonding over office absurdities can get you through the day, but don’t let that cover up your relationship with your job.If you’re not satisfied with your day-to-day workload or the way you’re managed, friends may not make up for that in the long term. And what happens when your buddies move on to other jobs and opportunities, leaving you behind at a job you don’t especially like?4. Not making an effort with your coworkersOn the flip side, we’ve all seen coworkers who have zero interest in being one of the gang. If you’re that coworker (you know, the one who wears headphones 24/7 or awkwardly avoids small talk at the espresso machine), y ou might want to reach out a little more and get to know your colleagues.You don’t have to go to every happy hour, or â€Å"like† everything they post on Facebook. But you spend many hours a week with these people. You all share a common goal (workplace success), and knowing people’s personalities and strengths can help make your own work more effective. Besides, a little bonding can help you get through those tough projects and long days together.5. Not maintaining your networkRemember whatsherface, whose cubicle was across from yours six years ago? Well, now she works for your dream company, and she could totally get you a foot in the door- if only you had maintained a relationship.Once you start at a new job, â€Å"out of sight, out of mind† can be tempting as you meet new colleagues and learn a new workplace culture. However, keeping in touch with your former colleagues and mentors can help you build a large and fruitful network as you move through yo ur career. You never know when you’ll be perfect for an opening at your old boss’s new company†¦ but you’ll definitely never know if you haven’t bothered to email him since your last day together in the office.6. Neglecting work-life balanceIf you go to a colleague’s retirement party and ask them to reflect on their long career, you know what you’re not going to hear? â€Å"I wish I’d worked more 14-hour days.† Whether that means leaving the office on time, not answering emails after 9 p.m., or just making sure you take a lunch break, it’s important to maintain boundaries.Working (or thinking about working) all the time can lead to stress and burnout. Making sure you’re able to devote time to your family (or to your longtime hobby of knitting sweaters for cats) can help you get the balance you need to be productive and satisfied throughout your career.

Mamikon's Calculus Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mamikon's Calculus - Research Paper Example II. Description of Mamikon’s Approach Mamikon’s method utilized shapes in order to get his points across about the ways that calculus could be approached. According to Pritchard (2003), Mamikon Mnatsakanian came up with a visual method of solving calculus utilizing shapes, which befuddled the Soviets; later on, he got his Ph.D. in physics (pp. 38). Of course, giving students linear and curved objects would be just one way to demonstrate how a calculus problem is set up. According Tom Apostol and Mamikon Mnatsakanian’s article in Haunsperger (2007), â€Å"For centuries mathematicians have been interested in curves that can be constructed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pp. 120). Mamikon’s idea was that if young people—even very young children—could use manipulatables in order to see how shapes can form and change based on volume or linear adjustments, they would be able to innately understand principles that come directly from calculus. In this regard, it is so important to have exposure to complex math problems as early as possible in order to stimulate a child’s mind. This is not to say that very young students should be forming the geometry proofs proving energy equals mass times the speed of light squared. On the contrary, the math that children should work on, in terms of problems, should be guided with visual aids and shapes or drawings that would further explain some complex concepts. III. Three Examples Having the students find a simple derivative would be a good place for them to start in learning more about the world of calculus. According to Alsina and Nelsen (2006), â€Å"In calculus, one [important piece of information] is the area under the graph of a function† (pp. 16). First, they could start of with a very simple equation, like f(x) = x^2. Then, what they could do next is find the derivative. The equation would be f’ (also known as f prime) = 2x. Next, the next step would be having a derivative of 2. And then the integer would become zero, finally. So, this is just one way in which some of the rules of derivatives could be simply explained on the board with graphs and a formula instead of having to go through the rules of the derivatives, which are pretty self-explanatory once you see how it’s done. Graphs help greatly in this regard. According to Larson and Edwards (2008), â€Å"[L]ine segments give a visual perspective of the slopes of the solutions of the differential equation† (pp. 256). The second example that would be given would be more geometry than anything else, and more of an introductory calculus problem. In order to find the hypotenuse of a triangle that the kids would cut out, they would have to take the sin of the angle equal to the opposite over adjacent lengths and then solve the problem. The third project that kids could work on would be to correctly calculate the time that it would take for a fish tank to fill up by taking measurements of the speed of the water, the measurements of the tank, etc. They would then use a calculus formula in order to figure out the answer by plugging in the numbers. This could be used to fill up a fish tank and then add new fish to the tank as a class project. IV. Lesson Plan for Students (With Accommodations for Diverse Learning Styles) Lesson Plan Components for a 5th-Grade Calculus-Focused Math Class Resources. Blackboard or whiteboard, construction paper, fishtank, water, hose, scissors, pens, pencils, colored pencils, and calculus

Effects of Bullying on Student Attendance Dissertation

Effects of Bullying on Student Attendance - Dissertation Example Written permission from each student’s parent or guardian is required prior to the student participating in the study. The parents will be provided with the following background information: â€Å"Bullying is a serious problem in our schools that requires more study and attention. The incidence of bullying has been linked to poor school attendance. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is indeed an association between bullying and poor attendance at school. In order to conduct this study, we are asking for permission to interview your student to determine whether he or she has issues with bullying. Fifty to one hundred students in grades four to six will be interviewed. If our study shows a relationship between bullying and attendance, we hope that more resources will be allocated towards working to resolve the problem of bullying in the schools.† Interview questions with the students will not involve asking them directly if they believe they are bullied. Rather, the interviewee will ask specific questions regarding whether the student has had certain feelings and experiences. Many times the student does not realize that he or she is a victim of bullying, especially if it is a combination of seemingly minor incidents and it is non-physical. The questions will be asked in a conversational way, so the children do not feel threatened by the procedure. Through a supportive conversation, the following information would be asked of them:

Organizational Justice and Psychological Contract Essay -- Human Resou

1. Organizational Justice The idea of justice has become noticeable building in the organizational studies. Researchers and practitioners put a great attention to the concepts of justice in the organization because of the potential results from the study. Perceptions of fairness are used as important factors in explaining, predicting and understanding human behavior in organizations (Hartman & Galle Jr., 1999; Martin & Bennett, 1996; Viswesvaran & Ones, 2002). As Colquitt et al. (2001a) explain that a number of studies on organizational justice have shown that fair treatment has a significant effect on the attitudes of individual employees, such as satisfaction and commitment, and individual behavior, such as attendance and citizenship behavior. A number of studies explain that justice plays important role in explaining variance in work attitude and behaviors. Studies shows that application of fair conduct from management deliver a positive message to employees that they can be trusted, thereby reducing the fear of exploitation while enhancing the legitimacy of the actions the organization (Lind, 2001, Tyler and Lind, 1992 and Van den Bos, 2001a). Fair treatments will reduce some uncertainty in the daily work life and makes the situation faced by employees can be predicted and controlled (Lind and Van den Bos, 2002 and Thibaut and Walker, 1975). Just behavior has the potential to bring more meaning of work life (Cropanzano et al, 2001 and Folger, 1998.). a. Definition and Forms of Organizational Justice The concept of organizational justice is a broad, multifaceted construct, encompassing several dimensions. Perceived justice previously discussed in two different perspectives. As Greenberg (1990) give details, that initia... ...1), 137-152. Robinson, S. L., & Morrison, E. W. (1995). Psychological contracts and OCB: The effect of unfulfilled obligations on civic virtue behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(3), 289-298. Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994a). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(3), 245-259. Rousseau, D. (1989). Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2(2), 121-139. Rousseau, D. M. (2001). Schema, promise and mutuality: The building blocks of the psychological contract. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 74(4), 511. Simons, T., & Roberson, Q. (2003). Why managers should care about fairness: The effects of aggregate justice perceptions on organizational outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 432-443.

Reflection paper

Reflection Paper: Zombie Apocalypse Myths have been around in all parts of the world for thousands and thousands of years. All religions have their own myths on how the world was created and dealing with the evil spirits in the world and much more. Over the years there were different myths created making society believe in them along with others wanting the historical facts behind these myths. Making many of us develop a sense of fantasy with these myths. For example, the zombie apocalypse.The word Zombie comes from the Haitian and New Orleans voodoo origins. It refers to a human dead body which serves the undead, but what makes people so crazed over it? Is it the mysterious way the illness or â€Å"bite† first started? Why is it continually being spoken about on the websites and on the television? Many people have their own interpretation on this. Many of it deals with the preparedness for the end of the world. This ties into the entertainment of peoples minds since people ar e bored in the world wanting to create a new myth. Let me elaborate on this farther.When It comes to the zombie type of apocalypse many people have created movies, video games, and books on It. This type of apocalypse have given some people the â€Å"adrenaline rush† in video games for they can use violence to kill these zombies. Other people search the facts in order to prepare for disasters in the world. It can be tough to get people thinking about emergency preparedness before disaster strikes. Hollywood created these zombie movies, video games, television series, and books to spark our attention and get people Involved in preparing before a true natural disaster strikes.Because of these many movies and books In the world It made people question this zombie apocalypse. Will it really happen? How do you prepare for it? Many people in the world have said to have an emergency plan and survival kit set up. But who would want to believe this? Is it a myth or fact? Many people h ave then thought of this apocalypse as another contribute to the humans who are â€Å"living† whom, without the threat of law, would contemplating to rape and kill you Just to take what you have, and to enjoy whatever sick twisted fantasy they cook up on the spot.This Is the type of facts people have to add to this myth. As signs go on with the facts other than trying to survive and kill the zombies, people would get depression. Depression will lower your immune system, causing the stress and making you tired constantly which can add to your death or becoming a â€Å"zombie. † Even if there is not a zombie attack, the government might be more prepared for an earthquake or any other type of disaster which is more common than an actual zombie apocalypse. I personally do not believe In the typical zombie apocalypse movies and videotapes and such.I do believe in other myths and such but with this type it is more fantasy than anything else. I would need to be given factual and solid scientific evidence explaining how and why this would occur. I refuse to acknowledge this as a valid warning. However I do have respect for some of the CDC government opinions, as they are entitled believe whatever they may want to. Even if it Is scientifically based To me it ties in with someone wanting the entertainment and excitement due to their boredom or preparing for the true natural disasters.The idea is to get the attention of people who would otherwise not prepare for real, actual emergencies, like natural disasters by getting the attention of people and getting them to seriously think about an emergency kit, in order to save us money. In any survival situation you must have food, water, shelter & protection. However, if a zombie apocalypse were to occur, you would not only have to have the supplies to survive, but would also have to have the ability to protect the supplies and your family.Most likely, you would need to have enough supplies for a minimum of three months. Then have a plan for either how to grow or produce your own supplies. This is another factual to needing to prepare. Personally, I would like to know why everyone thinks that they would be trying to survive. With the likely percentage of infection across the world in all the scenarios e imagine, there is a 99 percent chance that you would be a zombie too. What makes one think that it could not â€Å"happen to me? Why would one assume that they would be fighting them? Chances are they would be stumbling and moaning as well. These are questions that I face with this type of myth and why people could possibly be into this. Other people would use this as another way to get closer to their faith. For example, people would think that the zombies are Satin's demons and the â€Å"living† are God's children trying to escape Satin's grasp. To me this seems a very possible way to lead to their myth and fantasy in their minds.As other people believe, like me, that the zombies a re far-fetched, they do however look at the facts like the deadly flu in 1918 making people afraid to leave their homes. To me it is one way to use this apocalypse as entertainment to fill their boredom, but to end up believing this could possibly be an outcome in the world is bizarre. As, you can see many people use this as a way to prepare for the real disasters in the world, to have emergency kits and plans on how to survive. But then other people see it as actually happening. What do you believe in? Myth or fact? Why are you into this? Reflection paper This chapter focuses on the principles of biology. Biology Is the scientific study of life. A notable contradiction to science Is pseudoscience which Is something that sounds selecting but Is not based on complete evidence. Life encompasses a wide variety of things, but all life has a set of seven characteristics which are order, regulation, growth and development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and evolution. Life exists in many levels ranging from the exosphere to molecules and atoms.A cell is the lowest structural level that can sustain the activities required for life. Cells exist in one of two categories: prokaryotic or eukaryotic. A prokaryotic cell is simple, small, and lacking a nucleus while a eukaryotic cell is larger and more complex, containing many membrane-enclosed organelles. Biological domains further differentiate between kinds of cells. There are three major biological domains, two of which are classified for prokaryote and the other f or eukaryote. They are Domain Bacteria, Domain Archie, and Domain Eukaryote.Evolution Is also a major theme In biology. Evolution Is the concept of life evolving over the course of time. Charles Darwin Is responsible for the concept of evolution through natural selection. His idea of natural selection was about the adaptation to the environment over time by populations in order to survive. Discovery science and hypothesis driven science are the two main processes of science. Scientists follow the scientific method to test their findings. Theories and scientific saws sometimes result from many repeated experiments.A theory is a comprehensive explanation while a law is a more a generalized description. The basis of science requires that experiments be repeatable, as scientists repeat each other's experiments to check for verification. This is why It Is very important for scientists to be honest with their observations and results. Correlations occur when events occur together In time and space. It Is very Important to know that correlation does not always equal causation. A controlled experiment Is needed to prove a relation.This includes a control and experimental group. As science has advanced, technologies have advanced as well to help us apply or take advantage of said scientific advances. Positive and negative things have come about from the mix of science and technology. A positive result has been the use of DNA in criminal court cases. A negative result has been the deforestation and toxic wastes caused the growth in population. The information regarding the resistance that certain bacteria may be developing towards antibiotics is particularly interesting to me.This will also be relevant to me not only as I may probably be more careful with any future antibiotic Intake but also as I will be entering the health field and will need to be aware of this. As a nurse I might need to administer antibiotics or monitor or read patients bacterial count. By the time I become a nurse, In a couple of years, this has the possibly of becoming a larger Issue (hopefully not! ) and their might need to be extra precautions that I will need to inform patients of as well as general health. Reflection Paper Across Cultures Reflection Cross-cultural literacy and experiences are playing an Increasingly important part In developing a global management team particularly In a cultural-diversity team or organization. Building an effective global business team by Governance and Septa's told us that multinational corporations looking to exploit global economic of scale, transfer of knowledge etc needs to master managing global business teams. And the Dam's presents three culturally determined strategies for resolving conflict between organizational members from different cultures.For the past peer reviewed presentation, the purpose of this presentation is to help us gaining more experiences by working in a multicultural team. This teamwork exercise has given me an opportunity to develop my cultural learning and improve my understanding of the concept of culture. Be more specific about the part of communication, there Is Individualistic versus collectivist In the cultural aspect. The collective require consensus on decisions and the Individual view this as lower priority. Our group was In the prevalence of collectivism which has pros and cons.In a positive way, our team members can put forward different ideas then put them all together to achieve our goal. Furthermore, our team members select the best ideas to present and arrangement the points without any questions. During the discussion, we had different personal opinions due to the shortage of individualism so some conflicts arisen. To solve this problem, we tended to continue the ideas then discussed which one is most accepted. Therefore, there aren't many diverse ideas until finished the discussion.Next time, I will think out more Ideas then try to communicate with my team members more. At same time, I will listen to others about their opinions clearly and try to compare different Ideas then choose the best Idea. The communication Is the Important factor In the multinational cooperation. MAGGOT'S Reflection Paper BY h eptanes Cross-cultural literacy and experiences are playing an increasingly important part in developing a global management team particularly in a cultural-diversity team or organization.Building an effective global business team by Governance and Septa's Be more specific about the part of communication, there is individualistic versus collectivist in the cultural aspect. The collective require consensus on decisions and the individual view this as lower priority. Our group was in the prevalence of will think out more ideas then try to communicate with my team members more. At different ideas then choose the best idea. The communication is the important factor in the multinational cooperation. Reflection Paper Teachers, parents, and peers can all assume who is a good student and who is not by their reparation for the class, in-class behavior, and how they manage their classes on their free time. It is permanently vital to be prepared for class not only for yourself but to show the professor what kind of student you are. This means that the student should have read the material beforehand to get a clear understanding of the theme of the following lecture and prepare any questions.Also, being on time and bringing the proper necessities to class will show your professor that you are ready to learn. Being prepared for class is the first impressions students show their professors. I complete my reparation the day before the class. Do this to refresh my memory of the new course material. In addition, if I have a question, jot it down in my note book so will not forget it the day of class. I always keep my needed supplies in my backpack and double check before every class.If you are not prepared, your professor may think down upon you, which is an undesirable way to prove your self-worth. Behavior inside the classroom is correspondingly important. Just like being prepared, showing up to class on time can increase your chances of having a great first impression. Classroom etiquette involves tying throughout all of class while being involved and taking notes. Although am very shy and quite, give my professors clues that I am paying attention and am interested in their class.To do this, sit in the front of the class, look at the teacher while he or she is talking, and ask any questions that may come up. In addition, I try my best to keep small group discussions on topic. However, I know that I can greatly extend these tactics to prove how interested I am in the class. After class many students forget to do their assignments and procrastinate until the last possible moment. This will result in terrible work and prove to the professor that their class is not one of your prioriti es.The best way I show my professors that I am interested in class is by taking the time with my homework and papers. Will complete the assignment but will continue to recheck what have done up until I am completely pleased with my work. By doing so, I am communicating that I actually care about the class. In Sociology 201 , I put in my best effort to impress my professor. Although I am not asking many questions and do not talk as much as other students, do try my best to prove my interest and give great impression by the work I do produce. Reflection Paper Teachers, parents, and peers can all assume who is a good student and who is not by their reparation for the class, in-class behavior, and how they manage their classes on their free time. It is permanently vital to be prepared for class not only for yourself but to show the professor what kind of student you are. This means that the student should have read the material beforehand to get a clear understanding of the theme of the following lecture and prepare any questions.Also, being on time and bringing the proper necessities to class will show your professor that you are ready to learn. Being prepared for class is the first impressions students show their professors. I complete my reparation the day before the class. Do this to refresh my memory of the new course material. In addition, if I have a question, jot it down in my note book so will not forget it the day of class. I always keep my needed supplies in my backpack and double check before every class.If you are not prepared, your professor may think down upon you, which is an undesirable way to prove your self-worth. Behavior inside the classroom is correspondingly important. Just like being prepared, showing up to class on time can increase your chances of having a great first impression. Classroom etiquette involves tying throughout all of class while being involved and taking notes. Although am very shy and quite, give my professors clues that I am paying attention and am interested in their class.To do this, sit in the front of the class, look at the teacher while he or she is talking, and ask any questions that may come up. In addition, I try my best to keep small group discussions on topic. However, I know that I can greatly extend these tactics to prove how interested I am in the class. After class many students forget to do their assignments and procrastinate until the last possible moment. This will result in terrible work and prove to the professor that their class is not one of your prioriti es.The best way I show my professors that I am interested in class is by taking the time with my homework and papers. Will complete the assignment but will continue to recheck what have done up until I am completely pleased with my work. By doing so, I am communicating that I actually care about the class. In Sociology 201 , I put in my best effort to impress my professor. Although I am not asking many questions and do not talk as much as other students, do try my best to prove my interest and give great impression by the work I do produce. Reflection paper Asian Stereotypes It's human nature to create stereotypes. Humans are Judgmental beings that always seem to Judge something before they get to know them. Whether Its fear of the unknown, or Just because of bias. Stereotypes can be seen in almost every race. From white people being considered â€Å"trailer trash,† to Hispanics being known as â€Å"lazy. † Another group that has stereotypes are Asians. Asian people are those who originate from Asian. This group Includes both Indians, Japanese, and Chinese people. To begin, there are many different stereotypes about Asians.First of all, Aslant men are considered to be chauvinistic. Males are considered to be very disrespectful towards women. They are also seen as against the liberation of people. Furthermore, Aslant parents are portrayed as conservative and strict. Especially In the movies they are seen as dictators with their children. Thirdly, Asians are considered to have better bad English. As many movies have also sho wn, Asians are shown as having a very broken English and being unable to say â€Å"L† sounds. Moreover, religion is also something that people stereotype.For example, Sikhs are all considered to be Muslims. Also that Asians are not very good athletes. The one that is most common is that all Asians are great at mathematics. This is more of a nurture and less of nature when it comes to mathematics. I believe this is where the whole all Asians are doctors idea came from. This is all untrue. All in all, stereotypes are Just made up ideas about others. We tend to group people up with what we believe they represent. It's an unfortunate part of life but it seems to happen more and more. Reflection paper Asian Stereotypes It's human nature to create stereotypes. Humans are Judgmental beings that always seem to Judge something before they get to know them. Whether Its fear of the unknown, or Just because of bias. Stereotypes can be seen in almost every race. From white people being considered â€Å"trailer trash,† to Hispanics being known as â€Å"lazy. † Another group that has stereotypes are Asians. Asian people are those who originate from Asian. This group Includes both Indians, Japanese, and Chinese people. To begin, there are many different stereotypes about Asians.First of all, Aslant men are considered to be chauvinistic. Males are considered to be very disrespectful towards women. They are also seen as against the liberation of people. Furthermore, Aslant parents are portrayed as conservative and strict. Especially In the movies they are seen as dictators with their children. Thirdly, Asians are considered to have better bad English. As many movies have also sho wn, Asians are shown as having a very broken English and being unable to say â€Å"L† sounds. Moreover, religion is also something that people stereotype.For example, Sikhs are all considered to be Muslims. Also that Asians are not very good athletes. The one that is most common is that all Asians are great at mathematics. This is more of a nurture and less of nature when it comes to mathematics. I believe this is where the whole all Asians are doctors idea came from. This is all untrue. All in all, stereotypes are Just made up ideas about others. We tend to group people up with what we believe they represent. It's an unfortunate part of life but it seems to happen more and more.